Evaluation of consciousness: the FOUR scale or the Glasgow coma scale? Review

A practical review of the Glasgow Coma Scale and Score.

Since the Glasgow Coma Scale was introduced in 1974,(1) it has become the most common method of describing a patient's level of consciousness. However, despite its almost universal use, there remain a number of misunderstandings, particularly regarding the appropriate situations in which to use the Glasgow Coma Score rather than the Scale, and also in the correct way to elicit and record the mo...

The Prognostic Value of Admission Glasgow Coma Scale and AVPU in Acute Drug Poisoning Patients

The Glasgow Coma Scale--a brief review. Past, present, future.

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was introduced in 1974 aiming at standardizing assessment of level of consciousness in head injured patients. It has been used mainly in evaluating prognosis, comparing different groups of patients and monitoring the neurological status. However its use expanded beyond the original intention of the scale and certain limitations were identified. The skewness toward t...

Path dependence and the persistence of the Glasgow Coma Scale.

Glasgow Coma Scale Scoring is Often Inaccurate.

INTRODUCTION The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is widely applied in the emergency setting; it is used to guide trauma triage and for the application of essential interventions such as endotracheal intubation. However, inter-rater reliability of GCS scoring has been shown to be low for inexperienced users, especially for the motor component. Concerns regarding the accuracy and validity of GCS scoring...